Matera: the Sassi and the rocky landscape of the Murgia
Matera overlooks the ravine with the Sassi neighborhoods dug and built into the limestone rock. Houses, cisterns, rock churches and overlapping streets form a complex urban system. The Sassi and the park of rock churches are a UNESCO world heritage site.
History and identity
The occupation of the territory is very ancient, but the current appearance derives from continuous transformations. In the twentieth century, sanitary conditions led to the compulsory evacuation of many residents; subsequent recovery policies made parts of the Sassi habitable again. This social history is essential and should not be reduced to scenography.
What to see
Sasso Caveoso and Sasso Barisano have different structures and require climbs and descents. Casa Noha, museums and cave houses help to interpret water, work and housing. The cathedral stands on Civita. The paths towards the Murgia cross exposed terrain and should not be undertaken without suitable conditions.
Understand the place
Stairs, smooth stone and heat make the visit challenging. Not all caves are open nor authentic in the same way: choose documented sites. The rock park requires water, shoes and checking the weather and trails. Buses and external car parks limit traffic in the Sassi.
Prepare the visit
Times, access conditions and transportation may change. Before the trip, check the official pages linked from the source, protect the heritage and leave the entrances to the homes free. Source in local language.